User Experience Through Psychological Ownership and Religious Coping: A Sentiment and Thematic Content Analysis of Smart App Update Reviews

المؤلفون

  • Jinan Al-Khafaji المؤلف

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59992/IJSR.2026.v5n9p3

الكلمات المفتاحية:

Smart religious applications، religious coping، psychological ownership، user reviews، sentiment analysis

الملخص

This study examines how mobile app users respond to technological changes affecting non-core religious features, focusing on the "Haqibat Al-Mu'min" application. Drawing on Religious Coping Theory and Psychological Ownership Theory, it proposes a theoretical framework explaining users' disproportionate reactions to malfunctions in devotional functions, particularly the Istikhara feature, despite continued app loyalty. Using a natural pre-post event design, the study analyzed 571 Google Play Store reviews split into two equal time periods, employing a mixed-methods approach combining sentiment analysis and thematic content analysis. Results showed no significant change in users' overall app perception after the update, yet a significant increase in mentions of the Istikhara feature, strongly linked to negative reactions underscoring the feature's importance to users. Despite rising complaints, satisfaction with the app did not decline; instead, users predominantly requested restoration of the missing feature rather than app discontinuation, a pattern consistent with psychological ownership dynamics. These findings support a hybrid explanatory model in which religious coping drives users' emotional attachment to the app, while psychological ownership sustains their loyalty despite dissatisfaction. Theoretically, the study contributes to user experience and digital religiosity research by clarifying how users respond to future revisions, offering concepts that can help developers of religious applications anticipate and manage user reactions to upcoming updates

السيرة الشخصية للمؤلف

  • Jinan Al-Khafaji

    PhD in Business Administration, University of Kufa, Iraq

المراجع

- Agung, S., Sari, D. M. W., Khairani, D., Arifin, V., Budiwan, T. I., & Aripiyanto, S. (2022, September). Development of Mobile Religious-Consultation Application: Design Thinking Approach. In 2022 10th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM) (pp. 01–05). IEEE.

- Albalawi, A., Aljohani, E. J., Alqulaity, E. Y., Almukhalfi, H. M., & Yafooz, W. M. (2023, September). An analytical Study of Mobile Applications Recommended by The Ministry of Hajj and Umrah. In 2023 3rd International Conference on Computing and Information Technology (ICCIT) (pp. 605–610). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/iccit58132.2023.10273907

- Aljedaani, W. M., Souza, M., & Eler, M. M. (2026). Toward enhancing subtitle features in mobile apps: Analyzing user reviews for accessibility and usability insights. Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '26). https://doi.org/10.1145/3772318.3791606

- Alkhouri, K. I. (2024). The role of artificial intelligence in the study of the psychology of religion. Religions, 15(3), 290.

- Ano, G. G., & Vasconcelles, E. B. (2005). Religious coping and psychological adjustment to stress: A meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61(4), 461–480.

- Avey, J. B., Avolio, B. J., Crossley, C. D., & Luthans, F. (2009). Psychological ownership: Theoretical extensions, measurement and relation to work outcomes. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(2), 173–191.

- Aydar, H. (2009). Istikhara and dreams: Learning about the future through dreaming. In K. Bulkeley, K. Adams, & P. Davis (Eds.), Dreaming in Christianity and Islam: Culture, conflict and creativity (pp. 123–136). Rutgers University Press.

- Bellar, W. (2017). Private practice: Using digital diaries and interviews to understand evangelical Christians' choice and use of religious mobile applications. New Media & Society, 19(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444816649922

- Bellar, W. (2021). Rituals: prayer app rituals: how Islamic participants engage with technological and religious affordances in Muslim Pro. In Digital Religion (pp. 150–158). Routledge.

- Busro, B., & Hakim, R. (2025). CLICK, LEARN, REMEMBER: Digital tools for memorizing the Quran. Universa, 26(2). https://doi.org/10.18860/ua.v26i2.32440

- Campbell, H. (2013). Digital religion: Understanding religious practice in new media worlds. Routledge.

- Campbell, H. A. (2023). The dynamic future of digital religion studies. In Stepping back and looking ahead: Twelve years of studying religious contact at the Käte Hamburger Kolleg Bochum (pp. 217–236).

- Cohen, J. (2013). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. routledge.‏

- Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.

- Di Sorbo, A., Panichella, S., Alexandru, C. V., Shimagaki, J., Visaggio, C. A., Canfora, G., & Gall, H. C. (2016, November). What would users change in my app? Summarizing app reviews for recommending software changes. In Proceedings of the 2016 24th ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Foundations of Software Engineering (pp. 499–510). https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2884781

- Díez Bosch, M., & Micó, J. L. (2023). Internet, mobile technology, and religion. In The Handbook on Religion and Communication (pp. 503–520).

- Edgar, I., & Henig, D. (2010). Istikhara: The guidance and practice of Islamic dream incubation through ethnographic comparison. History and Anthropology, 21(3), 251–262. https://doi.org/10.1080/02757206.2010.496781

- Fang, F., Zhou, Y., Ying, S., & Li, Z. (2023). A study of the Ping An Health app based on user reviews with sentiment analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2), 1591. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021591

- Flavr Technology, LP. (2025). Instant Data Scraper (Version 1.6.0) [Chrome extension]. Chrome Web Store. https://chromewebstore.google.com

- Hasan, M. M., Al Amin, M., Arefin, M. S., & Mostafa, T. (2024). Green consumers' behavioral intention and loyalty to use mobile organic food delivery applications: The role of social supports, sustainability perceptions, and religious consciousness. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 26(6), 15953–16003.

- Hu, H., Bezemer, C. P., & Hassan, A. E. (2018). Studying the consistency of star ratings and the complaints in 1 & 2-star user reviews for top free cross-platform Android and iOS apps. Empirical Software Engineering, 23(6), 3442–3475. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10664-018-9604-y

- Kabir, M., Kabir, M. R., & Islam, R. (2025). Islamic lifestyle applications: Meeting the spiritual needs of modern Muslims. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 1–29.

- Karahanna, E., Xu, S. X., & Zhang, N. (2015). Psychological ownership motivation and use of social media. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 23(2), 185–207. https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.2015.1002336

- Khalid, H. (2014). On the link between mobile app quality and user reviews [Master's thesis, Queen's University]. QSpace. https://qspace.library.queensu.ca/handle/1974/12233

- Kozinets, R. V. (2019). Netnography: The essential guide to qualitative social media research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.

- Krauss, J., & Wienrich, C. (2025, April). Owning the (virtual) world: A systematic review of psychological ownership of interactive virtual objects and environments. In Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1–16).

- Krippendorff, K. (2018). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.

- Landis, J. R., & Koch, G. G. (1977). The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics, 33(1), 159–174.

- Laird, B., Van Tongeren, D. R., Hook, J. N., Do, B., Hall, T., & Huberty, J. (2024). Exploring user perceptions of a mobile app for religious practices. Journal of Religion and Health, 63(3), 2068–2090. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-024-02004-9

- Li, Y., Jia, B., Guo, Y., & Chen, X. (2017). Mining user reviews for mobile app comparisons. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies, 1(3), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1145/3130935

- Liang, X., Qi, C., Zhang, C., & Li, Y. (2024). Psychological ownership and users' continuous usage of domestic vs. foreign mobile payment apps: A comparison between China and the US. Journal of Business Research, 174, Article 114517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2024.114517

- Munira, S., & Manikonda, L. (2026). The day my chatbot changed: Characterizing the mental health impacts of social AI app updates via negative user reviews. 18th ACM Web Science Conference (WebSci Companion '26). https://doi.org/10.1145/3795513.3807437

- Muruganantham, G., & Kumar, B. D. (2025). Gratification-driven customer engagement in AR mobile apps: Shaping psychological ownership and behavioural intentions. Journal of Marketing Communications, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/13527266.2025.2523581

- Paradisa, W., Nabhila, D. R., Alhafidhza, N. S., & Surahman, C. (2025). Improving worship discipline and focus through prayer reminder apps. Civilization Research: Journal of Islamic Studies, 4(2), 219–240. https://doi.org/10.61630/crjis.v4i2.87

- Pargament, K. I. (1997). The psychology of religion and coping: Theory, research and practice. Guilford Press.

- Pargament, K. I., Smith, B. W., Koenig, H. G., & Perez, L. (1998). Patterns of positive and negative religious coping with major life stressors. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 37(4), 710–724. https://doi.org/10.2307/1388152

- Pierce, J. L., Kostova, T., & Dirks, K. T. (2001). Toward a theory of psychological ownership in organizations. Academy of Management Review, 26(2), 298–310.

- Pierce, J. L., Kostova, T., & Dirks, K. T. (2003). The state of psychological ownership: Integrating and extending a century of research. Review of General Psychology, 7(1), 84–107.

- Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference. Houghton Mifflin.

- Shobil, A., & Al-Hagree, S. (2026). User sentiment analysis of solar energy monitoring apps: Insights from Google Play reviews. IEEE Access, 14, 38421–38433. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2026.3670366

- Tsuria, R., Bellar, W., Campbell, H., & Cho, K. J. (2021). Transferred, mediated or transformed: Considering the design, features, and presentation of sacred text mobile applications. Journal of Contemporary Religion, 36(1), 57–78.

- Wang, C., Liu, T., Liang, P., Daneva, M., & van Sinderen, M. (2021, December). The role of user reviews in app updates: A preliminary investigation on app release notes. In 2021 28th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC) (pp. 520–525). IEEE.

التنزيلات

منشور

2026-09-09

إصدار

القسم

Articles

كيفية الاقتباس

User Experience Through Psychological Ownership and Religious Coping: A Sentiment and Thematic Content Analysis of Smart App Update Reviews. (2026). المجلة الدولية للبحوث العلمية, 5(9). https://doi.org/10.59992/IJSR.2026.v5n9p3