A Proposed Framework for the Governance of Continuous Improvement in Saudi Training Institutions in Light of Total Quality Management: A Desk-Based Documentary Study

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a proposed framework for governing continuous improvement in Saudi training institutions in light of Total Quality Management (TQM). It examined the theoretical and conceptual foundations, relevant regulatory and standards-based frameworks, and reference practices to derive governance requirements and implementation and evaluation mechanisms. The study adopted a comparative desk-based documentary approach involving the review, analysis, and comparison of relevant literature and documents, with particular attention to their functions, levels of application, and transferability to the Saudi context. The findings indicate that continuous improvement governance involves integrating clearly defined authorities and responsibilities, evidence-informed decision-making, professional participation, and organizational learning. The comparative analysis also identified differences between national and international frameworks, while highlighting opportunities for their context-sensitive integration. Accordingly, six categories of governance requirements were derived: leadership, organizational, procedural, human, technological, and oversight-related. A proposed framework comprising five interrelated components was developed, supported by mechanisms for implementation, monitoring, evaluation, and sustainability. The study recommends clarifying governance responsibilities, linking improvement decisions to verifiable evidence and outcomes, and subjecting the proposed framework to further regulatory review and empirical validation.